V-type internal combustion engine and intake manifold therefor



Nov. 27, 1956 F. A. E. PORSCHE EI'AL 2,771,363

V-TYPE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND INTAKE MANIFOLD THEREFOR Filed May 26. 195

FIG. 7

Unite V-TYPE INTERNAL COMBUTION ENGWE AND INTAKE IFGLD THEREFOR Application May 26, 1954, Serial No. 432,552

6 Claims. (Cl. 123-62) This invention relates to improvements in V-type internal combustion engines or engines provided with rows of cylinders mounted at an angle with respect to each other, and more particularly to an improved intake manifold for such engines.

in known internal combustion engines of this type, the intake manifold comprises a single piece or casting including a central section on which the carburetor is mounted and suction pipes extending from the central section to both rows of cylinders of the engine. Because of the dimensions and complexity of the casting, the interior of the suction pipes and the central section cannot be adequately cleaned of internal burs. This often results in defective intake manifolds, or manifolds in which the velocity and how of the gas mixture are diminished, thereby favoring condensation of gasoline on the walls of the suction pipes and consequently decreasing the power output of the engine. Furthermore, in known constructions, the connecting flanges usually provided on the exremities of the suction pipes are large, and complicated devices are necessary which interfere with proper operation and assembly.

According to the present invention, the foregoing disadvantages are obviated by casting the intake manifold in two parts or halves of equal dimensions, which halves include integral suction pipes extending respectively to the cylinder rows. In this construction one-half of the intake manifold is coordinated with and its suction pipes are connected to one row of cylinders. The dividing plane between the halves of the intake manifold bisects the angle between the cylinder rows. The casting of the two parts of the intake manifold in this manner permits easy cleaning of the internal surfaces of the central section and pipes to remove burs and flashes. Furthermore, the two halves of the intake manifold can be cast more accurately and their parts made more uniform than in the case of a single casting. In addition an intake manifold consisting of two similar halves can be readily installed and removed for repairs. Furthermore, in the case of damage to either half, it is only necessary to replace that half.

An important feature in the manufacture of intake manifolds according to the invention is the fact that there are fewer rejects because the manifold is cast in two similar parts and that division is made longitudinally of the engine so that the interiors of the central section of the two parts are open and readily worked for cleaning and inspection. in the casting operation it is much more simple to arrange the cores and casting forms than it is for a single piece manifold.

The advantages of dividing the intake manifold symmetrically and longitudinally through the central section of the manifold is even more important and apparent when the central section is provided with walls defining a preheating chamber of the type conventionally employed in some intake manifolds. According to the present invention, the halves of the preheating chamber are cast respectively in the two halves of the intake manifold and 2,771,863 i atented Nov. 2?, 1955 are respectively provided with a heater pipe leading thereto. Although in accordance with the invention, the preheating chamber includes a preheating space and two suction pipes, its production is relatively simple because of the casting of the manifold in two similar halves. The working or machining of the abutting faces of the two halves of the central section of the intake manifold is relativel" simple because the dividing line of the intake manifold is in a plane bisecting the angle included between the cylinder rows of the engine.

The improved intake manifold of the present invention includes other features, for example the provision of stiffening webs connecting the end portions of the pipes leading from each half of the intake manifold and the provision of lugs on the ends of these pipes which cooperate with tension yokes for securing the free ends of the suction pipes to the cylinders of the engine.

Other features and advantages are described more in detail hereinafter in connection with one illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application.

in the drawings:

l is a broken elevational end View partly in vertical section, and partly diagrammatic, of a V-type internal combustion engine provided with an intake manifold constructed and arranged in accordance with the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the intake manifold shown in l showing the two halves of the intake manifold in neir assembled relationship.

The ti-type internal combustion engine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises two cylinder rows 1 and 2 arranged at an angle relative to each other in the form of a V, the cylinders of the rows being connected together by cylinder heads 3 and 4, respectively. The cylinder heads are provided with intake channels 5 for the cylinders of the rows 1 and 2, only channel 5 being shown in the drawings in Fig. 1. Suction pipes 6 are connected into the channels 5 for the cylinders of row 1 and suction pipes 7 are connected into the channels 5 for the cylinders of row 23. The sets of pipes respectively terminate in main suction channels 8 and 9 of a central piece or preheater section til designed as a preheater and including a preheating chamber. A gasiiier or carburetor 11 for the engine fuel, shown diagrammatically, is mounted on the preheater it and communicates by openings 12 and 13 in the upper housing wall 14 of the preheater 10 respectively with the main suction or manifold passageways 8 and 9 into which suction pipes 6 and 7 are respectively connected.

The space between the main channels 8 and and the outer wall of the preheater it constitutes a heating space 15 which communicates with two heating pipes 16 and 17. Hot waste engine exhaust gases are conducted through the heating pipe 17 to the preheater id in which they flow through the space or chamber 15. The Waste gases are then withdrawn through the pipe 16. These gases may be taken from the exhaust manifold from one row of cylinders and delivered to the exhaust manifold for the other row of cylinders.

The preheater it) is divided longitudinally of the engine in such a way that one-half, together with the intake suction pipes ti and the heating pipe to, constitute the member or half a, the shape and dimensions of which are the same as those of the other half 1), comprising onehalf of the preheater M with its suction intake pipes '7 and heating pipe 17. The twohalves of the preheatcr it), or of the intake manifold as a whole are provided with flanges 13 which abut each other and are held together by bolts 19.

The cylinder heads 3 and iare provided with discharge passageways Z which open up respectively into collecting pipes or exhaust manifolds 21 22. The exhaust manifold 22 of the cylinder row 55 connects with a main exhaust passageway (not shown). A thermostat, not shown, is located at the juncture of these elements and operates to shut oil the discharge conduit when the motor is cold so that the hot exhaust gases of the cylinders of the row 2 are led through a conduit 23 and the heating pipe 17 to the heating space of the central section it of the intake manifold. There the hot exhaust gases give up their heat to the fuel mixture flowing into and through the main intake channels a? and 9, and leave the preheater it through the heating pipe 16 and the exhaust gas channel 2-1 of the cylinder row 1 via the exhaust manifold pipe 21. The bottom walls 24 of the individual suction channels 8 and 9 are provided with ribs 25 projecting into the lower portions of these channels for facilitating and increasing the transfer of heat to the fuel mixture drawn into and flowing through the channels 8 and 9.

The free end portions of the sets of intake pipes 6 and 7 are provided with integral stiffening webs 26. Fig. 2 shows the webs 26 interconnecting the free end portions of pipes 6, and the pipe 16 with one of the pipes 6. The same is true with respect to the pipes 7 and the heating pipe 17. These webs provide stiffening means for the halves of the intake manifold and serve to position the pipes during casting and prevent damage during handling.

The free ends of the suction pipes 6 and '7 are secured respectively to the cylinder heads 3 and 4 by means of yokes 27. The yokes 27 are placed under tension by means of threaded studs which are threaded into the cylinder heads 3 and 4, respectively. These studs extend through the centers of the yokes and the tensioning is provided by means of nuts 29 screwed down on the studs 28. The yokes may be more effectively located on the free ends of the suction pipes 6 and 7 as well as the heating pipes 16 and 17 by providing these pipes with integral lugs 3%, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. The lug 3d at the lower left in Fig. 2 integrally connects the free ends of the heating pipe 16 with the adjacent suction pipe 6, while the lug 3% at the upper right in Pig. 2 integrally connects the free ends of the heating pipe 17 with the adjacent suction pipe 7 so that no webs 26 are necessary for connecting these pairs of pipes.

The two halves of the intake manifold of the present invention are exactly alike in shape, structure and dimensions, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. One half will fit either side of the engine. The casting of the halves exactly alike simplifies the casting operation and provides a construction in which the two halves are readily assembled and disassembled. Other advantages are likewise achieved over the casting of intake manifolds as a single piece.

It is to be understood that the invention is independent of the number of cylinders in the engine, and that it can be applied to other than V-type engines, as, for example, boxed engines.

We claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to the cylinders of both rows, said manifold comprising a pair of similar interchangeable metal members joined together by readily removable fastenings, said manifold comprising a preheater section located centrally of the engine above the cylinders equally divided between said pair of metal members, said central section including a main suction channel in each metal member and a common heating space for heating the fuel and air mixture in said main suction channels, each metal member including integral suction pipes connected into its main suction channel, the suction pipes of the metal members extending respectively to the cylinders of the respective rows of cylinders, means including a pipe for conducting hot exhaust gases from one row of cylin ders to said heating space, and means including a pipe for conducting exhaust gases from said heating space to the exhaust outlet of the other row of cylinders.

2. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying fuel and air to the cylinders of the engine and including an equally divided central section, the two parts of which are joined together, each of the two parts of the central section including a main suction channel, suction pipes extending from the main suction channel of each of said parts of the central section respectively to the cylinders of the rows of cylinders, said central section including walls defining a single heating chamber one half of which is located in each part of the central section of the intake manifold and a heating pipe leading to each half of said chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying fuel and air to the cylinders of the engine and including a central section equally divided longitudinally of the rows of cylinders and positioned intermediate the ends of the rows of cylinders the two parts of which are joined together, each of the two parts of the central section including a main suction channel, diverging suction pipes extending from the main suction channel of each of said parts of the central section, the diverging suction pipes from one of said parts extending to one row of the cylinders and the diverging suction pipes from the other of said parts extending to the other row of cylinders, yokes bearing on the suction pipes for each row of cylinders at the position of the cylinders, and means for tensioning the yokes with respect to the cylinders to secure the suction pipes thereto.

4. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying fuel and air to the cylinders of the engine and including a central section equally divided longitudinally of the rows of cylinders and positioned intermediate the ends of the rows of cylinders the two parts of which are joined together, each of the two parts of the central section including a main suction channel, diverging suction pipes extend ing from the main suction channel of each of said parts of the central section, the suction pipes from one of said parts extending to one row of cylinders and the suction pipes from the other part extending to the other row of cylinders, an integral lug on the end of each suction pipe at the position of the cylinder to which it extends, a yoke having ends respectively engaging the lugs on the ends of adjacent suction pipes, and means for tensioning the yoke toward the cylinders adjacent the yoke to secure said ends of the said adjacent suction pipes to the cylinders to which the pipes respectively extend.

5. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to the cylinders of both rows, said manifold comprising a pair of similar interchangeable metal members joined together by readily removable fastenings, each of said members including a main centrally located suction channel and integral suction pipes diverging from said main suction channel, the suction pipes of one member extending respectively to the cylinders of one row of cylinders and the suction pipes of the other member extending respectively to the cylinders of the other row of cylinders, said intake manifold including a central preheater section, walls in said prcheatcr section defining a common heating space in said pair of metal members, and a heating pipe for hot exhaust gases leading from said heating space to each row of cylinders.

6. In an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in two rows at an angle with respect to each other, an intake manifold for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to the cylinders of both rows, said manifold comprising a pair of similar interchangeable metal members joined together by readily removable fastenings, each of said members including a main centrally located suction channel and integral suction pipes diverging from said main suction channel, the suction pipes of one member extending respectively to the cylinders of one row of cylinders and the suction pipes of the other member extending respectively to the cylinders of the other row of cylinders, said main centrally located suction channels being located adjacent each other, walls in said pair of metal members defining a common heating space in said members for heating said main suction channels, a heating pipe for conducting hot exhaust gases from one row of engine cylinders to said heating space and comprising a part of one of said metal members, and a pipe leading from said heating space for conducting heating gases therefrom and comprising a part of the other metal member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,355,068 Vincent Oct. 5, 1920 2,160,922 Sullivan June 6, 1939 2,686,506 Carpentier et a1. Aug. 17, 1954 

